On 6 July HM The Queen officially opened the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fountain in London's Hyde Park.
The Duke of Edinburgh, the
Prince of Wales, and Princes William and Harry also attended the
ceremony, along with representatives of the Spencer family, including
the Princess' brother Earl Spencer.
In her speech The Queen referred to "the extraordinary effect
Diana had on those around her", and paid tribute to her "wider
legacy" and her ability "not only to touch people's
lives but to change them".
Earlier, Culture Secretary Tessa Jowell had said -
"This is no ordinary memorial. Like the Princess herself,
the fountain is open and approachable.
In some areas it offers a welcoming space for families and paddling
children, in others a shady spot for quiet contemplation.
I hope that it will be enjoyed by the millions of different people
who come to visit it in the future and will be embraced by all
as a permanent celebration of Diana, Princess of Wales."
The Memorial Fountain cost
$6.5 million (£3.6 million) and measures 80 metres (262
feet) by 50 metres (164 feet).
It is located in London's Hyde Park to the south of the lake known
as the Serpentine and near the Lido.
The team responsible for the design and construction of the Memorial
includes landscape designers, computer modeling specialists, consultant
engineers, construction professionals and expert stonemasons.
The design team was led by American-born landscape architect Kathryn
Gustafson of Gustafson Porter.
The Memorial is an oval of water set lightly across the existing
contours of the site.
The feature uses the topography to divert the water downhill in
two directions.
According to Ms Gustafson, the design expresses the concept of
Reaching Out-Letting In.
This is based on the qualities of Diana, Princess of Wales that
were most loved, her inclusiveness and her accessibility.
The presence of the fountain surrounded by open landscape has
an energy which radiates outwards while at the same time draws
people toward it.
There are various features along the fountain which have been
created by texturing the stone or by adding jets of water.
Source
The Source is located
at the highest point where water bubbles up from the base of the
fountain.
Approximately 22 gallons (100 litres) per second of water is pumped
uphill from a storage tank in front of the refurbished plant room
beside the Serpentine.
From here it runs downhill in two directions (east and west).
East - Steps
The water bounces
down a cascade of steps which have been richly textured with a
surface evocative of natural patterns or pleated fabric.
After this there is a level crossing point for people to enter
the heart of the oval from the outside of the ring.
East - Rock and Roll
The water then enters an area where the granite has been
sculpted so that the water gently rocks and rolls as it travels
along a subtle curve.
East - Swoosh
The water then picks up momentum before it enters a subtle
curve where five water jets create patterns of water and additional
energy is pumped into the fountain which the designers have named
the 'swoosh'.
West - Mountain Stream
The granite channel
to the west of the Source has been highly textured using innovative
stone cutting techniques to create a lively play of water which
recalls a mountain stream or babbling brook.
The water then passes under a level crossing point where the stone
channel begins to flatten out.
West - Bubbles
As the water travels further, the channel widens out and
air bubbles are introduced into the water in five locations.
The bubbles are carried downstream where the water becomes a tumbling
cascade of white water as it corners over a waterfall.
West - Chaddar
A chaddar is a water feature created by the
flow of water over elaborately carved stone found in traditional
Mughal gardens.
The chaddar is one of the prominent water features where the water
spills over from the western side before tumbling into a large
pool at the bottom of the ring.
The Reflecting Pool
The water traveling
from both east and west ends its journey in a reflective basin
at the lowest point of the water feature.
The visible surface of the water at this point is enlivened by
special texturing at the bottom of the pool.
The water which has joined together from both sides of the fountain
leaves the ring at this point.
The water is then pumped back to the Source to continue its unending
cycle.